Spike.



G. D. RUSSELL.

SPIKE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. so, 1913.

Patented July M, 191%.

wi tueoow SPIKE.

Application filed December 30, 1913-.

Specification of Letters Patent.

mf- M.1T.-- i. stemmed e1 u Serial Iiim. $36 -$595};

. To a2? whom 2% ma concem Bg-it known that I, CHARLES D. RUssEnL,

a.. citizen of the United States, residing at gt; Paul in the county of Ramsey and State 5 of Mimii'sota, have invented certain new and usefhl Improvements in Spikes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to railway spikes adapted for use in connection with the ordinary wooden miliay cross ties.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a spike so constructed that. when embedded in. the tie, the fibers of the wood will expand into engagen'ient with the spike to prevent its working loose, a difiieully experieneed with the eozmnon form. oi railway spike, now in general use, such loosening of the spike being brought about by severe jars and strains to which such spikes are subjected,

A; further object of the invention is to provide a spike which wiil not turn upon its longitudinal axis when embedded in thetie.

And shill further object the invention is to provide a. railway spike which may be readily and cheaply uianutfaeiwzed and which will he eiiicient in operation.

For a full understanding of she im-"eniioi'i reference is to he had to ihe following description and accompanying: drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a perspective view oi my improved spike. Fig. 2 a side elevaiion thereof. Fig. 8 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 3 -3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line ls-4 of Fig. 2. Fig. a "i'misverse sectional View taken on the line 5 5 oi Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a detail fi'agmentary perspective view of a modified form of my invention showing the grooves Formed in the side faces of the spike to pores: at their lower extremities.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and. indicated in all the views of the accompanying drawings by the same reference characters.

My improved spike is formed with a shank portion 10, preferably suhstahiialiy 'li angu lar in section, and has integi'aliy formed at one extremity a head 13, having a. later ally projecting exiziemi'ty l2, pre'ifei shly po' sitiohecl in-ahnemem with. one of edges of the spike, said laterally projecting pozo 55 tion 12 being adapted to engage she base [of a railway rail. The outer end of the shank 10 is formed driving; 1; the rear face thereof and Lhe opposi edge heingout away adjacent their e ties, as shown. The edges of the Y 1 out army longitudinally to form heveled faces 15 intermediate oi which are "the ii i; side faces 16. Each side face has formed therein inwzmdly spaeed parallel "'oov-es ll. These grooves 17 extend long" mini: 13,

. inally o; the shank isol tion 1O ihi'oughoui: she major portion of the lenglh ihorei and 12121.3", at their lowest erci'ieniiilios he is; lo iaeiliiafie out nice oi? the iihez's Wooden tie into said gyooves. m

intersect the grooves intervals .l. in the into all?) shank l0 oi: the s; of the gzooves lherel" extendi' shoulders extroh'ii Walls of; L of SOQlflBiS may he prov. said sock, a el-mugged in snaced series, i preferably termim... trein' lo. the fr-iwi;

az'dly extending shoulders Q side of said grooves of the ihuerseei-ioh oi the SOCl(=JS.

As will be obvious, as the spike is driven into the tie, the fibers oi the w ed w ll enter the grooves '1 formed in each face l6 of the spike and expand intothe sockets 1.8 formed longgxtudinaily of said grooves, the sho-uldez'sfil of said soul is engaging against the portion of ihe his so Q12.- panded into the sockets. nicewhen seated in the tie will define ;-u(.linally disposed tongues projecting from. that, portion of the wood bearing against i he side faces 16, said tongues being the portion of the bio expanded into the grooves 17. These hmguos will efie tually pi'event any transverse lllUi Ql'flfifli) oe e, i h i 5; held The i8, inter-see ex'ozndiug i.- will allow such I 'is, f course,

such edg'e adjacent the rail thereby pre- 2O panded therein Wlll ment. The rail engaging extremity 12 of the head bein positioned in alinement with one of the e gesl l'of the spike, the spike designed to enter the tie with senting to the'grain of the wood-of the tie the adjacent angularly dis osed side faces 16; The spike thus exerts i ong its forward facesa wedging action upon the fibers of the tie, lnsteadvof cutting them as-is the case with the ordinary square form. of spike now the wood being virtually in common use,

spike is driven home. As

pried apart as the a consequence .the spike will be tightlyv gripped by'the tie, the unbroken fibers on each side of the spike expanding intothe sockets and grooves formed in the side faces thereof. N I

It will therefore be ,seen that I provide a very simple and efficient structure of'railway spike, such as will cfi'ectually' engage,

the tie when embedded therein to -prevent loosening of the-spike, and thereby overcoming thejdisadvantagcs of the common form of railway spike now in general use.

Having "thust 'described .the invention, what is claimedas new is 1. A ra lway spike includin a shank formed atone cnd with a head and at its opposite extremity with a driving {)Qlllt, said shank bein formed with singularly disposed faces, one of said faces having lon itudinally extending grooves formed therein,

engaged by the transversely dis-' said grooves tapering in depth at their lower extremities 'and being intersected by cup-shaped sockets formed in the side faces whichextend laterally of the side wells of said grooves.

2. A railway spike including ashram formed at one end with a head and at its I opposite extremity with a. driving point, 9

said shank being formed with angulariy disposed faces, the said faces havin longitudinally extending grooves forineurth ein and provided with sockets extending later" ally of the adjacent side walls of said grooves 'and inwardly of the. bottom walls thereof, inwardly extendingshoulders being formed intermediate the inner extremities of said sockets and the bottom walls of the grooves.

3. A railway spike including a shanl t formed at one end with a head and at its opposite extremity with a driving point, said. shank being posed faces havlng longitudinally extending formed with langularly disgrooves formed therein, said grooves tapering in depth at their lower extremities and having adjacent laterally-extending sockets formed in the sidewalls thereoiithere,being terminal sockets formed in the side faces of the spike at the upper extreinitles of said grooves.

4. A railway spike including a shank formed at one end with a head'and at its opposite extremity witha. driving. point,

said shank being i'ormed with angularly' disposed fiat faces having longitudinally ex tending grooves formedtheremand being provided with sockets-formed from the ad yaccnt side walls of said moves, said sock-:

ets extending laterally o theigroovesand below the. bottom walls thereof,

in testimony whereof I afiixrny signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES DAME! RUSSELQ tiitmsses:

Lena Sonwanrz, l). A.. BARTON, 

